The Transits of Venus of 1874 and 1882

Truly it was a most exquisite and memorable sight. The sun was already beginning to put on the ruddy hues of sunset, and there, far in on its face, was the sharp, round, black disc of Venus. It was then easy to sympathise with the supreme joy of Horrocks when, in 1639, he for the first time witnessed this spectacle. The intrinsic beauty of the phenomenon, its rarity, the fulfilment of the prediction, the noble problem which the transit of Venus enables us to solve, are all present to our thoughts when we look at this pleasing picture, the like of which will not occur again until the flowers are blooming in the June of A.D. 2004.
 
Robert Stawell Ball, The Story of the Heavens (1885)

Introduction

Visibility Regions for the Transits of Venus of 1874 and 1882

The following diagrams depict the regions of visibility for the transits of Venus on 9 December 1874 and 6 December 1882.

Circumstances of the transit of Venus of 1874
 
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map legend   map legend  
 
Begin of the transit (9 December, 01:49 UT) End of the transit (9 December; 06:26 UT)
Sub-Venus point: λ = +151º 05'; φ = –22º 38' Sub-Venus point: λ = +81º 31'; φ = –22º 34'
Apparent diameter of the Sun = 32.49' Apparent diameter of the Sun = 32.49'
Apparent diameter of Venus = 1.05' Apparent diameter of Venus = 1.05'

This transit took place just after Venus passed its ascending node (8 December; 7:20 UT) and occurred on the northern half of the solar disk.

Circumstances of the transit of Venus of 1882
 
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map legend   map legend  
 
Begin of the transit (6 December, 13:57 UT) End of the transit (6 December; 20:15 UT)
Sub-Venus point: λ = –31º 15'; φ = –22º 46' Sub-Venus point: λ = –126º 10'; φ = –22º 41'
Apparent diameter of the Sun = 32.48' Apparent diameter of the Sun = 32.48'
Apparent diameter of Venus = 1.05' Apparent diameter of Venus = 1.05'

This transit took place just before Venus passed its ascending node (7 December; 9:01 UT) and occurred on the southern half of the solar disk.

References


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