Author name code: brault ADS astronomy entries on 2022-09-14 author:"Brault, James W." ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Title: Xgremlin: Interferograms and spectra from Fourier transform spectrometers analysis Authors: Nave, G.; Griesmann, U.; Brault, J. W.; Abrams, M. C. Bibcode: 2015ascl.soft11004N Altcode: Xgremlin is a hardware and operating system independent version of the data analysis program Gremlin used for Fourier transform spectrometry. Xgremlin runs on PCs and workstations that use the X11 window system, including cygwin in Windows. It is used to Fourier transform interferograms, plot spectra, perform phase corrections, perform intensity and wavenumber calibration, and find and fit spectral lines. It can also be used to construct synthetic spectra, subtract continua, compare several different spectra, and eliminate ringing around lines. Title: Expected progress based on aluminium galium nitride Focal Plan Array for near and deep Ultraviolet Authors: Reverchon, J. -L.; Robin, K.; Bansropun, S.; Gourdel, Y.; Robo, J. -A.; Truffer, J. -P.; Costard, E.; Brault, J.; Frayssinet, E.; Duboz, J. -Y. Bibcode: 2009EAS....37..207R Altcode: The fast development of nitrides has given the opportunity to investigate AlGaN as a material for ultraviolet detection. A camera based on such a material presents an extremely low dark current at room temperature. It can compete with technologies based on photocathodes, MCP intensifiers, back thinned CCD or hybrid CMOS focal plane arrays for low flux measurements. First, we will present results on focal plane array of 320 × 256 pixels with a pitch of 30 μm. The peak responsivity is tuned from 260 nm to 360 nm in different cameras. All these results are obtained in a standard SWIR supply chaine and with AlGaN Schottky diodes grown on sapphire. We will present here the first attempts to transfer the standard design Schottky photodiodes on from sapphire to silicon substrates. We will show the capability to remove the silicon substrate, to etch the window layer in order to extend the band width to lower wavelength and to maintain the AlGaN membrane integrity. Title: The CN spectrum from the infrared to the ultraviolet Authors: Davis, S.; Wallace, L.; Brault, J.; Engleman, R. Bibcode: 2005cns..book.....D Altcode: The diatomic molecular spectrum of the CN has been of interest to physics and astronomy for many years. A book containing a comprehensive analysis of the band spectrum of the Red System was the first major publication by the Analysis of Spectra program at Berkeley, begun in 1959. Later, a finding list was constructed and made available on the internet. The light sources were a carbon arc in air, a King furnace, and an electric discharge in cyanogen gas. The spectrometer was a Paschen mounted concave diffraction grating. We are now extending our analysis to cover the region from 3700 to 29,600 cm-1 (2700 to 338 nm). It includes both the Red and Violet systems. The light sources are a carbon arc, King furnace, acetylene flame, hollow cathode, inductively coupled plasma, electrodeless discharge tubes containing isotopic mixtures, and a nitrogen afterglow discharge tube. The spectrometer is the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) at the McMath-Pierce telescope on Kitt Peak. The variety of excitation of levels and consequent intensities from the various sources is striking. All of the spectra used here are available from the archives of the National Solar Observatory. Title: The CN Spectrum from the IR to the UV Authors: Davis, S.; Wallace, L.; Brault, J.; Engleman, R. Bibcode: 2004AAS...20518208D Altcode: 2005BAAS...37..388D Acknowledgement

The National Science Foundation continues to support this work through the National Optical Astronomical Observatories.

The CN Spectrum from the IR to the UV

The diatomic molecular spectrum of the CN has been of interest to physicists and astronomers for many years. A book containing a comprehensive analysis of the Red system was the first major publication of the Analysis of Molecular spectrum program at Berkeley, begun in 1959. Later, a finding-list was constructed and made available on the internet. The light sources were a carbon arc in air, a King furnace, and an electric discharge in cyanogen gas. The spectrometer was a Pashen mounted concave diffraction grating. We are now extending our analysis to cover the region from 1800 to 31000 cm-1 (5600 to 320 nm). It includes the vibration-rotation spectrum as well as the Violet system. The light sources are a carbon arc, King furnace, acetylene flame, hollow cathode, inductively coupled plasma, electrodeless discharge tubes containing several isotopic mixtures, and a nitrogen afterglow discharge tube. The spectrometer is the fourier transform spectrometer at Kitt Peak. We have identified 50 bands free enough from blending to be analyzed. The variety of excitation of levels and consequent intensities and line widths from the various sources is striking. Title: Fourier transform spectrometry Authors: Davis, Sumner P.; Abrams, Mark C.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 2001ftsp.book.....D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: New studies of the visible and near-infrared absorption by water vapour and some problems with the HITRAN database Authors: Belmiloud, Djedjiga; Schermaul, Roland; Smith, Kevin M.; Zobov, Nikolai F.; Brault, James W.; Learner, Richard C. M.; Newnham, David A.; Tennyson, Jonathan Bibcode: 2000GeoRL..27.3703B Altcode: New laboratory measurements and theoretical calculations of integrated line intensities for water vapour bands in the near-infrared and visible (8500-15800 cm-1) are summarised. Band intensities derived from the new measured data show a systematic 6 to 26% increase compared to calculations using the HITRAN-96 database. The recent corrections to the HITRAN database [Giver et al., J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 66, 101-105, 2000] do not remove these discrepancies and the differences change to 6 to 38%. The new data is expected to substantially increase the calculated absorption of solar energy due to water vapour in climate models based on the HITRAN database. Title: VizieR Online Data Catalog: New multiplet table for FeI (Nave+, 1994) Authors: Nave, G.; Johansson, S.; Learner, R. C. M.; Thorne, A. P.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1995yCat..20940221N Altcode: We have recorded spectra of iron-neon and iron-argon hollow cathode lamps in the region 1700A-5um (59,000-2000cm-1), with Fourier transform (FT) spectrometers at the National Solar Observatory, Tucson, Arizona, and Imperial College, London, UK, and with a high-resolution grating spectrograph at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland. The uncertainty of the strongest lines in the FT spectra is less than 0.002cm-1 (0.2mA at 3000A; 8mA at 2um). Pressure- and current-dependent shifts are less than 0.001cm-1 for transitions between low-lying levels, increasing to 0.006cm-1 for transitions between the most highly excited levels. We report 28 new energy levels of Fe I and revised values of another 818 levels. We have identified 9501 lines as due to 9759 transitions in Fe I, and these are presented in the form of a new multiplet table and finding list. This compares with the ~5500 lines due to 467 energy levels in the multiplet tables of Moore (1950, NBS Circ., No.488 and 1959, NBS Tech. note 30). The biggest increase is in the near-ultraviolet and near infrared, and many of the new lines are present in the solar spectrum. Experimental log (gf) values are included where they are available. A further 125 unidentified lines due to Fe I are given. (4 data files). Title: The Infrared Spectrum of Neutral Sulphur (S I) Authors: Engleman, R., Jr.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1995ASPC...81..229E Altcode: 1995lahr.conf..229E No abstract at ADS Title: Argon ion linelist and level energies in the hollow-cathode discharge. Authors: Whaling, W.; Anderson, W. H. C.; Carle, M. T.; Brault, J. W.; Zarem, H. A. Bibcode: 1995JQSRT..53....1W Altcode: Lines of Ar I, II, and III are identified in high-resolution Fourier Transform spectra of a hollow-cathode source covering the range 222-5865 nm. Ar II and III level energies are extracted and compared with earlier measurements. Selected Ar II lines suitable for use as secondary wavelength standards are measured relative to precise wavelengths of CO molecular lines. Title: A New Multiplet Table for Fe i Authors: Nave, G.; Johansson, S.; Learner, R. C. M.; Thorne, A. P.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1994ApJS...94..221N Altcode: We have recorded spectra of iron-neon and iron-argon hollow cathode lamps in the region 1700 A-5 micrometers (59,000-2000/cm), with Fourier transform (FT) spectrometers at the National Solar Observatory, Tucson, Arizona, and Imperial College, London, UK, and with a high-resolution grating spectrograph at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland. The uncertainty of the strongest lines in the FT spectra is less than 0.002/cm (0.2 mA at 3000 A; 8 mA at 2 micrometers). Pressure- and current-dependent shifts are less than 0.001/cm for transitions between low-lying levels, increasing to 0.006 cm-1 for transitions between the most highly excited levels. We report 28 new energy levels of Fe I and revised values of another 818 levels. We have identified 9501 lines as due to 9759 transitions in Fe I, and these are presented in the form of a new multiplet table and finding list. This compares with the approximately 5500 lines due to 467 energy levels in the multiplet tables of Moore (1950, 1959). The biggest increase is in the near-ultraviolet and near infrared, and many of the new lines are present in the solar spectrum. Experimental log (gf) values are included where they are available. A further 125 unidentified lines due to Fe I are given. The tables are also available in computer-readable form. Title: High-Resolution Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Meinel System of OH Authors: Abrams, Mark C.; Davis, Sumner P.; Rao, M. L. P.; Engleman, Rolf, Jr.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1994ApJS...93..351A Altcode: The infrared spectrum of the hydroxyl radical OH, between 1850 and 9000/cm has been measured with a Fourier transform spectrometer. The source, a hydrogen-ozone diffusion flame, was designed to study the excitation of rotation-vibration levels of the OH Meinel bands under conditions similar to those in the upper atmosphere which produce the nighttime OH airglow emission. Twenty-three bands were observed: nine bands in the Delta upsilon = 1 sequence, nine bands in the Delta upsilon = 2 sequence, and five bands in the Delta upsilon = 3 sequence. A global nonlinear least-squares fit of 1696 lines yielded molecular parameters with a standard deviation of 0.003/cm. Term values are computed, and transition frequencies in the Delta upsilon = 3, 4, 5, 6 sequences in the near-infrared are predicted. Title: A New Multiplet Table for Fe Authors: Nave, I. G.; Johansson, S.; Learner, R. C. M.; Thorne, A. P.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1994astro.ph..4049N Altcode: We have recorded spectra of iron-neon and iron-argon hollow cathode lamps in the region 1700A -- 5um (59000 -- 2000cm-1), with Fourier transform (FT) spectrometers at the National Solar Observatory, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A. and Imperial College, London, U.K., and with a high resolution grating spectrograph at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, U.S.A. The uncertainty of the strongest lines in the FT spectra is <0.002cm-1 (0.2mA at 3000A; 8mA at 2um). Pressure and current-dependent shifts are <0.001cm-1 for transitions between low lying levels, increasing to 0.006 cm-1 for transitions between the most highly excited levels. We report 28 new energy levels of Fe I and revised values of another 818 levels. We have identified 9501 lines as due to 9759 transitions in Fe I, and these are presented in the form of a new multiplet table and finding list. This compares with the 5500 lines due to 467 energy levels in the multiplet tables of Moore (1950, 1959). The biggest increase is in the near ultraviolet and near infra-red, and many of the new lines are present in the solar spectrum. Experimental log(gf) values are included where available. A further 125 unidentified lines due to Fe I are given. Title: Fourier-transform spectra of the A2 summation + -X2 Pi triangle-open v = 0 bands of OH and OD Authors: Stark, G.; Brault, J. W.; Abrams, M. C. Bibcode: 1994JOSAB..11....3S Altcode: 1994OSAJB..11....3S This paper presents the results of experimental determination of the Fourier-transform spectra of the OH and OD A(0)-X(0), A(1)-X(1), and A(2)-X(2) bands using a hollow-cathode source, and iron calibration standards. Better precision is obtained than from earlier measurements. Molecular parameters and rotational term values have been calculated from the new measured line positions for the A(sup 2)summation(sup +) and X(sup 2)Pi states. Title: Spectrum and term system of neutral nickel, Ni I Authors: Litzèn, U.; Brault, J. W.; Thorne, A. P. Bibcode: 1993PhyS...47..628L Altcode: Spectra of nickel, emitted from hollow cathode discharges, have been recorded in the region 1700-55 000 Å (58 800-1800 cm-1). Fourier transform spectrometers were used above 1800 Å, yielding very high accuracy and resolution. The number of classified Ni I lines has increased from 1071 to 1996. 289 of the lines have been resolved in 2-4 isotope components. The term system derived from the observations comprises 286 energy levels. The term structure and the coupling conditions have been studied by means of ab initio and parametric theory. Title: New Energy Levels in Ar II Authors: Quinet, P.; Palmeri, P.; Biemont, E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1993PhRvA..49.2446Q Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Solar Fourier transform spectroscopy (in Future Solar Optical Obervations Needs, and Constraints 1978) Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1993inas.book..273B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Interference effects in reticon photodiode array detectors Authors: Mount, George H.; Sanders, Ryan W.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1992ApOpt..31..851M Altcode: A detector system incorporating the Reticon RL1024S photodiode array has been constructed as part of a double spectrograph to be used to study the earth's atmosphere from ground-based and aircraft-based platforms. To determine accurately the abundances of atmospheric trace gases, this new system must be able to measure spectral absorptions as small as 0.02 percent. The detector exhibits superior signal-to-noise characteristics at the light levels characteristic of scattered skylights, but interference in the passivating layer causes problems in achieving the required precision. The mechanism of the problems and the solution implemented are described in detail. Title: Precision Fe I and Fe II Wavelengths in the Red and Infra-Red Spectrum of the Iron-Neon Hollow Cathode Lamp Authors: Nave, G.; Learner, R. C.; Murray, J. E.; Thorne, A. P.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1992JPhys...2..913N Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Lifetimes, transition probabilities, and level energies in Fe i Authors: O'Brian, T. R.; Wickliffe, M. E.; Lawler, J. E.; Whaling, W.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1991JOSAB...8.1185O Altcode: 1991OSAJB...8.1185O No abstract at ADS Title: CN vibration-rotation spectrum Authors: Davis, Sumner P.; Abrams, Mark C.; Rao, M. L. P.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1991JOSAB...8..198D Altcode: 1991OSAJB...8..198D No abstract at ADS Title: Fourier Transform Spectrometer Observations of Solar Carbon Monoxide. III. Time-resolved Spectroscopy of the Delta V = 1 Bands Authors: Ayres, Thomas R.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1990ApJ...363..705A Altcode: Time series of the 2100/cm Delta v = 1 absorption bands of CO at the center of the solar disk and at the extreme limb have been recorded by Fourier transform spectrometer. The photospheric 5-min oscillation appears prominently at sun center. The peak-to-peak brightness temperature amplitude is roughly 300 K, and the peak-to-peak Doppler shift is roughly 1100 m/s. The 70 deg phase lag of maximum core intensity with respect to maximum redshift for the strongest Delta v = 1 absorptions is less than the 90 deg expected in the adiabatic limit. No dominant four-minute signal in the line intensity like that reported by Deming et al. (1984, 1986, and 1987) is found, nor is evidence for extreme fluctuations on short time scales like those proposed by Kalkofen et al. (1984). The strong Delta v = 1 lines exhibit systematic Doppler shifts of less than about 1 km/s, contrary to the predictions of transonic redshifts if the CO 'clouds' are associated with a dynamic cooling phase of the Ca II 'cell flashes.' Title: Unified set of atomic transition probabilities for neutral argon Authors: Wiese, W. L.; Brault, J. W.; Danzmann, K.; Helbig, V.; Kock, M. Bibcode: 1989PhRvA..39.2461W Altcode: The atomic transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes of neutral argon have been the subject of numerous experiments and calculations, but the results exhibit many discrepancies and inconsistencies. We present a unified set of atomic transition probabilities, which is consistent with essentially all recent results, albeit sometimes only after critical reanalysis. The data consistency and scale confirmation has been achieved in two ways. (i) We have carried out some lifetime-branching-ratio measurements for a principal 5p level and the associated 4s-5p transitions. These measurements have very closely confirmed the accuracy of the results of recent independent emission experiments. (ii) We have critically reanalyzed and revised the literature data for the 4s-4p transitions, as well as utilized the results of a similar critical analysis for the 4s-5p transition array, to establish complete sets of absolute data for these arrays. We have found these data to be mutually consistent from cross-correlation checks between the two arrays, using recent literature data. Finally, we have proposed renormalization factors for other argon transitions based on this analysis. Title: Comprehensive transition probabilities in Mo I Authors: Whaling, W.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1988PhyS...38..707W Altcode: Transition probabilities for 2835 lines in Mo I between 2548 and 10,565 A were obtained by combining radiative level lifetimes, excited level populations measured in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source, and emission branching ratios measured with the ICP source and a hollow cathode discharge source. It is shown that the level populations in the ICP source approximate a thermal distribution. It is also shown that modern computer techniques convert a large amount of spectral information generated by FTS into useful atomic data with a minimum of human intervention. Title: Nighttime and daytime variation of atmospheric NO2 from ground-based infrared measurements Authors: Flaud, J. -M.; Camy-Peyret, C.; Brault, J. W.; Rinsland, C. P.; Cariolle, D. Bibcode: 1988GeoRL..15..261F Altcode: During the period February 28 to March 2, 1986, 19 high resolution atmospheric spectra have been recorded during the night using the moon or during the day using the sun as a source with the Fourier transform spectrometer at the McMath Solar telescope on Kitt Peak. The NO2 absorption peak located at 2914.65 cm-1 has been used to derive from the spectra the total vertical column densities of atmospheric NO2. A rather rapid decrease of the NO2 amount during the night has been observed and its daytime increase from sunrise to sunset has been confirmed. A comparison with the predictions of a photochemical model is given. Title: Detector Quantum Efficiency: An Important Parameter for FT-IR Spectroscopy Authors: Birk, M.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1988AcMik...2..243B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the b3 Πg- a3Σ+u Transition of He2 Authors: Rogers, S. A.; Brazier, C. R.; Bernath, P. F.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1988MolPh..63..901R Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Improved molecular parameters for the Ballik-Ramsay system of diatomic carbon (b 3Sigma - g --> a 3Pi u) Authors: Davis, Sumner P.; Abrams, Mark C.; Sandalphon; Brault, James W.; Rao, M. L. P. Bibcode: 1988JOSAB...5.1838D Altcode: 1988OSAJB...5.1838D The infrared spectrum of the C2(b3Sigma/-/g - a3Pi/u/) Ballik-Ramsay system was observed in a hollow-cathode discharge source by using a high-resolution Fourier-transform spectrometer. Ten bands with (v prime-v double prime) equal to (0-1), (1-2), (2-3), (3-4), (0-0), (1-1), (1-0), (2-1), (3-2), and (4-3) were observed in the spectral region between 3300 and 6500/cm. The (3-4) and (4-3) bands were observed for the first reported time. In addition, 360 lines belonging to satellite branches were observed. A global fit of the present data combined with previous high-resolution data in an iterative nonlinear least-square algorithm yields equilibrium molecular parameters with a variance of 0.0051/cm. The inclusion of the satellite lines facilitates the direct improvement of the fine-structure parameters. Rotational perturbations were observed in the upper b3Sigma/-/g state and were analyzed by using deperturbation methods. Title: Rotational Constants of the Lowest Torsional Component (0G) of the Ground State and Lowest Torsional Component (1G) of the First Excited Torsional State of Hydrogen Peroxide Authors: Olson, W. B.; Hunt, R. H.; Young, B. W.; Maki, A. G.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1988JMoSp.127...11O Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: FTS-Raman flame spectroscopy of high-J lines in H2 and D2 Authors: Jennings, D. E.; Weber, A.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1987JMoSp.126...19J Altcode: High-J rotational transitions in the ground vibrational state of molecular hydrogen and deuterium have been recorded using the FTS-Raman technique. Transitions above those recorded previously at room temperature were observed in diffusion flames burning H2 with air, and D2 with air. For H2 the v = 0-0 S(6) and S(7) transitions, which had not been observed previously, were recorded in the flame spectra. For D2 the flame spectra yielded measurements of the S(7) through S(12) lines for the first time. By combining flame and room-temperature Raman and infrared measurements it has been possible to improve H2 ground state rotation constants to fifth order. For D2, the combination of flame and room-temperature Raman measurements required an extension to fifth-order constants, as compared with the third-order fit which was adequate for the room-temperature data alone. Our improved line positions can be applied to transitions observed in the Orion Molecular Cloud. Title: On the Apparent Velocity of Integrated Sunlight. I. 1983--1985 Authors: Deming, Drake; Espenak, Fred; Jennings, Donald E.; Brault, James W.; Wagner, Jeremy Bibcode: 1987ApJ...316..771D Altcode: The authors have measured absolute frequencies for the ΔV = 2 transitions of 12C16O in the 2.3 μm spectrum of integrated sunlight. The data consist of 78 interferograms taken over a 3 yr period with the McMath Fourier transform spectrometer on Kitt Peak. The spectra cover the 4000 - 4800 cm-1 region with 0.012 cm-1 resolution. At a given epoch, the absolute velocity of integrated sunlight were obtained with an uncertainty of ⪉5 m s-1. The authors find that the integrated light velocity varies by ⪉3 m s-1 over a 1 day period, consistent with expectations based on the properties of supergranulation. Over the long term, the data indicate an increasing blueshift in these weak infrared lines, amounting to 30 m s-1 from 1983 through 1985. The sense of the drift is consistent with a lessening in the magnetic inhibition of granular convection at solar minimum. Title: The spectrum of Al I and Al II in the infrared (1800 < σ < 9000 cm-1) Authors: Biemont, E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1987PhyS...35..286B Altcode: The spectrum of Al I and Al II produced by a hollow-cathode discharge has been observed by Fourier-transform spectroscopy between 1800 and 9000/cm. These observations have allowed an extension of the term systems of Al I and Al II. The results are also used for revising the identification of Al I lines in the solar photospheric spectrum. Title: High Precision Fourier Transform Spectrometry: The Critical Role of Phase Corrections Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1987AcMik...3..215B Altcode: In high precision Fourier transform spectrometry, proper handling of the phase correction is essential if the full potential wave number accuracy of the data is to be preserved. One-sided interferograms are shown to be especially sensitive to phase error, and this sensitivity is quantitatively related to the signal-to-noise ratio. The role of the truncation/apodization function used to obtain the phase correction is also discussed, as is the special problem of emission spectra. Title: Infrared emission band spectrum of Si2 Authors: Davis, Sumner P.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1987JOSAB...4...20D Altcode: 1987OSAJB...4...20D A strong infrared emission band spectrum of Si2 was observed in the region between 4500 and 6500/cm. It consists of 21 red-degraded bands, which are transitions between two newly observed low-lying singlet states d1Sigma g (+)-b1Pi(mu). The bands arise from transitions between vibrational levels from 0 to 6 in both electronic states. Rotational lines up to J = 162 were observed. A global fit was made to 2000 spectral lines, and fits were made to individual branches of each band. The source was a King-type furnace charged with SiC, filled with helium at a pressure of 100 Torr, and maintained at a temperature of 2700 K. The spectrometer was the Fourier-transform instrument at the National Solar Observatory (Kitt Peak). Title: Monodeuterated Methane in the Outer Solar System. II. Its Detection on Uranus at 1.6 Microns Authors: de Bergh, C.; Lutz, B. L.; Owen, T.; Brault, J.; Chauville, J. Bibcode: 1986ApJ...311..501D Altcode: The authors have detected the 3ν2 band of CH3D in the spectrum of Uranus recorded with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer at the 4 m Mayall telescope of KPNO. Using a scattering-model atmosphere and spectral synthesis techniques, they derive a bulk CH3D/CH4 mixing ratio of 3.6(+3.6, -2.8)×10-4 from these observations. This suggests a deuterium enhancement in methane relative to that observed on Jupiter and Saturn. Title: The infrared spectrum of magnesium (1800 < σ < 9000cm-1) and an extension of the term systems of Mg I and Mg II Authors: Biemont, E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986PhyS...34..751B Altcode: The spectrum of neutral and singly ionized magnesium produced by a hollow-cathode discharge has been observed by the Fourier transform spectroscopy technique between 1800 and 9000/cm. The observations reported here have allowed an extension of the term systems of Mg I and Mg II; more particularly, first observational evidence is reported for 3s ng (1,3)G (n = 8 or less) terms of Mg I and ni2I(n = 10 or less) terms of Mg II. The results are also used for refining the identification of magnesium lines in the solar photospheric spectrum. Title: The nickel spectrum in the infrared - Application to the solar spectrum Authors: Biemont, E.; Delbouille, L.; Roland, G.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986A&AS...65...21B Altcode: The spectrum emitted from a nickel hollow cathode has been recorded in the infrared region (1800 < σ < 9000 cm-1) with the National Solar Observatory Fourier transform spectrometer. The spectra have been used in order to identify many lines on new high resolution solar spectra. Title: Fourier Transform Spectrometer Observations of Solar Carbon Monoxide. II. Simultaneous Cospatial Measurements of the Fundamental and First-Overtone Bands, and CA II K, in Quiet and Active Regions Authors: Ayres, T. R.; Testerman, L.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986ApJ...304..542A Altcode: Fourier transform spectrometry has yielded simultaneous cospatial measurements of important diagnostics of thermal structure in the high solar photosphere and low chromosphere. It is noted that the anomalous behavior of the fundamental bands of CO in quiet areas near the limb is accentuated in an active region plage observed close to the limb. The difference between the core temperatures of the CO fundamental bands in a plage and a nearby quiet region at the limb is larger than the corresponding brightness temperature differences in the inner wings of the Ca II line measured in a quiet region and several plages closer to the disk center. Numerical simulations indicate that the disparate behavior of the CO bands with respect to Ca II K cannot be reconciled with existing single component thermal structure models; a two-component atmosphere is required. Title: The high-resolution spectrum of water vapor between 13 200 and 16 500 cm-1 Authors: Mandin, J. -Y.; Chevillard, J. -P.; Camy-Peyret, C.; Flaud, J. -M.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986JMoSp.116..167M Altcode: High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of water vapor between 13 200 and 16 500 cm-1 have been analyzed, leading to a precise and extensive set of line positions, line intensities, and rotational energy levels of highly excited vibrational states. Title: The v = 1 <-- 0 quadrupole spectrum of N2 Authors: Reuter, D.; Jennings, D. E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986JMoSp.115..294R Altcode: Transitions in the O and S branches of the v = 1 <-- 0 band of molecular 14N2 have been recorded in the laboratory using the 1-m Fourier transform spectrometer located at Kitt Peak. Analysis of the line position data has led to improved values for the Dunham coefficients of N2. Furthermore, an analysis of the linewidths and peak heights have yielded values of γL = (0.0345 +/- 0.0029) cm-1/atm for the self-broadening coefficient of N2 and (∂Q/∂r)re = (0.933 +/- 0.039)ea0 for the derivative of the molecular quadrupole moment. Title: Raman spectroscopy of gases with a Fourier transform spectrometer: the spectrum of D2 Authors: Jennings, D. E.; Weber, A.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986ApOpt..25..284J Altcode: Fourier transform spectrometry (FTS) is presently used to record the spontaneous incoherent laser Raman spectra of gases. The high resolution, sensitivity, calibration accuracy and spectral coverage achieved demonstrate the viability of FTS for Raman spectroscopy. Attention is given to the coefficients obtained by fitting measurements obtained from the spectrum of D2, containing both v = 0-0 and 1-0 transitions, to the Dunham (1932) expansion of the vibration-rotation energy levels. Title: Large SPOT umbra Authors: Brault, J. Bibcode: 1986lsu..book.....B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The convective noise floor for the spectroscopic detection of low mass companions to solar type stars. Authors: Deming, D.; Espenak, F.; Jennings, D. E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1986abd..proc...58D Altcode: The threshold mass for the unambiguous spectroscopic detection of low mass companions to solar type stars is defined here as the time when the maximum acceleration in the stellar radial velocity due to the Doppler reflex of the companion exceeds the apparent acceleration produced by changes in convection. An apparent acceleration of 11 m/s/yr in integrated sunlight was measured using near infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. This drift in the apparent solar velocity is attributed to a lessening in the magnetic inhibition of granular convection as solar minimum approaches. The threshold mass for spectroscopic detection of companions to a one solar mass star is estimated at below one Jupiter mass. Title: Double passing the Kitt Peak 1-m Fourier transform spectrometer Authors: Jennings, D. E.; Hubbard, R.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985ApOpt..24.3438J Altcode: Attention is given to a simple technique for performing the conversion of the Kitt Peak 1-m Fourier transform spectrometer's dual input/output optical configuration to a double pass configuration that improves spectral resolution by a factor of 2. The modification is made by placing a flat mirror in the output beam from each cat's eye, retroreflecting the beams back through the cat's eyes to the first beam splitter. A single detector is placed at the second input port, which then becomes the instrument's output. Title: The spectrum of magnesium hydride Authors: Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985ApJ...298..375B Altcode: Emission spectra of the A2Π-X2Σ+ system of MgH have been studied at high resolution and with high signal-to-noise ratio through the use of a Fourier transform spectrometer. On the basis of a rotational analysis of these data, frequencies are predicted for the lowest pure rotational transitions with an accuracy approaching ±30 MHz. Frequencies of the (1,0) vibration-rotation lines are calculated to an accuracy of ±0.002 cm-1. The excitation and observability of MgH in interstellar clouds are discussed. Title: Fourier transform emission spectroscopy: The vibration-rotation spectrum of CuH Authors: Ram, R. S.; Bernath, P. F.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985JMoSp.113..269R Altcode: The Fourier transform infrared emission spectrum of CuH was observed. The (1, 0), (2, 1), and (2, 0) vibration-rotation bands of both 63CuH and 65CuH were recorded from a copper hollow-cathode discharge in neon and hydrogen. Improved molecular constants for the v = 0, 1, and 2 levels of CuH are provided. This work is the first observation of a vibration-rotation spectrum of a metal hydride in emission. Title: Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of NeH+ Authors: Ram, R. S.; Bernath, P. F.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985JMoSp.113..451R Altcode: The Fourier transform emission spectrum of NeH+ was observed. The (1, 0), (2, 1), and (3, 2) vibration-rotation bands of 20NeH+; the (1, 0) and (2, 1) bands of 20NeD+; and the (1, 0) band of 22NeH+ were recorded from a copper hollow-cathode discharge in neon and hydrogen. Molecular constants, including Born-Oppenheimer breakdown parameters, were extracted from the data. Title: The high-resolution spectrum of water vapor between 16500 and 25250 cm-1 Authors: Camy-Peyret, C.; Flaud, J. -M.; Mandin, J. -Y.; Chevillard, J. -P.; Brault, J.; Ramsay, D. A.; Vervloet, M.; Chauville, J. Bibcode: 1985JMoSp.113..208C Altcode: High-resolution spectra of water vapor have been recorded, with very good signal-to-noise ratios, between 16500 and 25250 cm-1 using visible Fourier transform spectroscopy. Precise line positions have been derived, and 1174 vibration-rotation transitions belonging to 23 different bands of H2O have been assigned, leading to the determination of 539 vibration-rotation energy levels and greatly extending our knowledge of the highly excited vibrational states of the water molecule. The measurement of 630 line intensities with accuracies varying from 5 to 35%, depending on the strength of the line, has been performed. Title: Identification on chromium lines in the infrared solar spectrum based on new interferometric measurements Authors: Biemont, E.; Delbouille, L.; Roland, G.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985A&AS...61..185B Altcode: High resolution spectra of chromium obtained by the interferometric method show the presence of several hundreds of new lines in the infrared region (1800 < V < 9000 cm-1). These spectra have been used in order to proceed to the identification of many weak lines on the high resolution solar spectra obtained recently by Delbouille et al. (1981). Title: Book-Review - Solar Flux Atlas from 296 TO 1300-NM Authors: Kurucz, R. L.; Furenlid, I.; Brault, J.; Testerman, L. Bibcode: 1985S&T....70...38K Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: An investigation of iron in the infrared solar spectrum based on FTS laboratory measurements Authors: Biemont, E.; Roland, G.; Delbouille, L.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985A&AS...61..107B Altcode: The application of new high-resolution laboratory data for iron, covering the region 1800 to 9000/cm, to the identification of many weak lines on high signal-to-noise-ratio solar photospheric spectra, is discussed. The spectra emitted by iron hollow cathodes with three different carrier gases (He-Ne-Ar) are recorded with the Fourier transform spectrometer on Kitt Peak. Comparisons between the spectra of iron and the spectra of nickel and of chromium recorded with the same carrier gas and between the iron spectrum and the KPNO solar spectrum drawn at the same scale are considered. The results are presented in tables. Title: Vibration-rotation parameters for high-temperature silicon monoxide from sunspot spectra Authors: Glenar, David A.; Hill, Andrew R.; Jennings, Donald E.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1985JMoSp.111..403G Altcode: Absorption features from vibrational transitions of silicon monoxide have been observed in sunspot umbrae between 1070 and 1225 cm-1 using the Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) at the McMath Solar Telescope of the National Solar Observatory, located at Kitt Peak. Sunspots are a source of high-temperature spectra not easily obtained in the laboratory. Measurements were made of 937 28SiO, 29SiO, and 30SiO fundamental and hot band transitions in the umbral spectrum extending to v = 10 and J = 80. All three isotopic species were treated together to derive 10 Dunham rotation-vibration coefficients. Title: On the Potential for Spectroscopic Detection of Planetary Companions to Solar-Type Stars. Authors: Deming, D.; Espenak, F.; Jennings, D.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985BAAS...17..705D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Monodeurated methane in the outer solar system. 2. Its detection on Uranus at 1.6 microns Authors: Debergh, C.; Lutz, B. L.; Owen, T.; Brault, J.; Chauville, J. Bibcode: 1985STIN...8527782D Altcode: Deuterium in the atmosphere of Uranus has been studied only via measurements of the exceedingly weak dipole lines of hydrogen-deuteride (HD) seen in the visible region of the spectrum. The other sensitive indicator of deuterium in the outer solar system is monodeuterated methane (CH3D) but the two bands normally used ot study this molecule, NU2 near 2200 1/cm and NU6 near 1161 1/cm, have not been detected in Uranus. Title: The Solar Radial Velocity and Implications for Spectroscopic Planetary Detection Authors: Deming, D.; Espenak, F.; Jennings, D.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985BAAS...17..588D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985hra..conf....3B Altcode: 1985SAAS...15....3B No abstract at ADS Title: Fourier transform spectrometry at the National Solar Observatory: recent work on the OH radical. Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1985SPIE..553...97B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Oscillator strengths of the C2 A(1)Pi(mu)-X(1)Sigma(g+) Phillips system Authors: Davis, S. P.; Pecyner, R.; Smith, W. H.; Brault, J. W.; Wagner, J. Bibcode: 1984ApJ...287..455D Altcode: A high temperature absorption cell and Fourier transform spectrometer were used to measure the f-values of the A-X Phillips bands of the C2 molecules in comparisons with the Swan transition f-values. Interferometric fringes were also obtained of the solar C2 lines as references. The measurements were taken to determine the true oscillator strengths for abundance observations of stellar and interstellar sources. The Swan (0-0)/Phillips (1-0) ratio was near 1.48 and the Swan (0-0)/Phillips (0-0) ratio about 18.2, which implies a Phillips (1-0) value of approximately 0.0017 and a Phillips (0-0) value of 0.00138. The results indicate that downward revisions are necessary for previous estimates of the Phillips values. Title: The infrared spectrum of CS Authors: Winkel, R. J., Jr.; Davis, S. P.; Pecyner, R.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1984CaJPh..62.1414W Altcode: The (Delta-v)=2 IR emission bands of the X1Sigma(+) state of gaseous (C-12)(S-32) and (C-12)(S-34) are investigated experimentally using the Fourier-transform spectrometer at Kitt Peak National Solar Observatory. The results are presented in tables and characterized. Of the eight bands (containing up to 200 lines each) identified for (C-12)(S-32), the strongest head is that of 2-0 at 2585/cm, with the other heads toward smaller wavenumbers separated by about 26/cm. The interest of these transitions for astrophysical studies of the emissions of C-rich stars, molecular clouds, and comets is indicated. Title: Diurnal variations of atmospheric nitric oxide - Ground-based infrared spectroscopic measurements and their interpretation with time-dependent photochemical model calculations Authors: Rinsland, C. P.; Boughner, R. E.; Larsen, J. C.; Stokes, G. M.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1984JGR....89.9613R Altcode: Total vertical column amounts of NO have been derived from infrared solar absorption spectra recorded near sunrise and sunset with the 0.01 per cm resolution Fourier transform interferometer at the national Solar Observatory on Kitt peak (elevation 2095 m, latitude 31.9 degrees N) on February 23, 1981. The results show an increase in NO concentration in the morning, late afternoon values about 40 percent higher than in the morning, and a decrease in NO concentration prior to sunset. The measured diurnal changes in the total vertical column amount are compared with values obtained from time-dependent photochemical calculations. Title: Characteristics of Water Vapor Over Kitt-Peak as Determined from FTS Data Authors: Wallace, L.; Brault, J. W.; Brown, M.; Livingston, W. Bibcode: 1984PASP...96..836W Altcode: Spectra of three water vapor lines obtained with the Fourier transform spectrometer at the McMath telescope have been analyzed to obtain the atmospheric water-vapor content. The results for 52 days between 1978 and 1983 show a maximum of between 20 and 25 mm precipitable water vapor in July and August and minima between February and June and between October and December. Outside of a secondary maximum due to two days in January 1983 the results are in generally good agreement with those obtained with a grating spectrograph. The pressure-broadened linewidths have been used to make corrections not exceeding 11% to the results obtained with the spectrograph. Title: The pure rotation spectrum of OH and the solar oxygen abundance Authors: Sauval, A. J.; Grevesse, N.; Zander, R.; Brault, J. W.; Stokes, G. M. Bibcode: 1984ApJ...282..330S Altcode: High-resolution low-noise spectroscopic observations of the sun obtained in the 10.6-13-micron range using the Fourier-transform spectrometer at Kitt Peak National Observatory are reported. About 100 pure rotation lines of the X 2Pi electronic state of OH with v = 0, 1, 2, and 3 are identified and characterized. The data are presented in tables and graphs and used to calculate the solar O abundance as 8.91 + or - 0.01 (in agreement with Lambert, 1978). Agreement is also found with the electric-dipole-moment function of Werner et al. (1983) and the photospheric model of Holweger and Mueller (1974). Title: The v=0 0 spectrum of H2. Authors: Jennings, D. E.; Bragg, S. L.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1984ApJ...282L..85J Altcode: Ground-state rotational parameters for molecular hydrogen are evaluated using a combination of laboratory and observational data. High-accuracy v = 0 - 0 S(0)-S(5) frequencies from infrared laboratory measurements are analyzed simultaneously with available observed frequencies for the S(8), S(9), S(12), S(13), S(14), and S(15) Orion emission lines. The laboratory and Orion measurements are consistent with each other within their measurement errors. The combined data set yields a determination of five v = 0 rotational parameters and an improvement in the high-J calculated line positions. The analysis produces the parameters (in per cm): B(0) = 59.334627(30), D(0) = 0.0456912(30), H(0) = 4.8974(90) x 10 to the -5th, L(0) = -6.320(110) x 10 to the -8th, M(0) = 7.19(30) x 10 to the -11th, where a correction is made for the estimated contribution of sixth and higher orders. Title: Rotational Assignments in the 6200A Band of Methane Authors: de Bergh, C.; Brault, J.; Scherer, G. J.; Lehmann, K. K.; Klemperer, W.; Pine, A. S. Bibcode: 1984BAAS...16..669D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The 12 micron band of ethane - High-resolution laboratory analysis with candidate lines for infrared heterodyne searches Authors: Daunt, S. J.; Atakan, A. K.; Blass, W. E.; Halsey, G. W.; Jennings, D. E.; Reuter, D. C.; Susskind, J.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1984ApJ...280..921D Altcode: Emission from the ν9 band of ethane at 12 μm has been reported in the spectra of Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Titan. This paper reports the results of a laboratory study of ν9 using both high-resolution Fourier transform and diode laser absorption spectroscopy. Approximately 2000 transitions in this band have been subjected to an analysis that includes the normal rovibrational terms as well as higher order effects. A model for this band capable of reproducing observed ν9 features to better than 0.001 cm-1 is presented. High-precision values of the primary ground-state constants have also been determined. A list of ν9 transitions occurring near 14CO2 laser lines that are good candidates for laser heterodyne searches has been compiled. Title: Diagnostics of solar magnetic fluxtubes using a Fourier transform spectrometer Authors: Stenflo, J. O.; Solanki, S.; Harvey, J. W.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1984A&A...131..333S Altcode: An overview is presented of the diagnostic contents for fluxtube modelling of Fourier transform spectrometer recordings of the longitudinal Zeeman effect near the solar disk center made in April 1979. The observations and data reductions are summarized and the application of the weak-field model to the Stokes profiles is examined. The significance of telluric lines and blends and the validity of LS coupling are considered. The magnetic fluxes, intrinsic field strengths, and area factors are discussed and the thermodynamic properties of fluxtubes are addressed. Mass motions inside the fluxtubes and the height variation of fluxtube parameters are considered. Title: Solar flux atlas from 296 to 1300 nm Authors: Kurucz, Robert L.; Furenlid, Ingemar; Brault, James; Testerman, Larry Bibcode: 1984sfat.book.....K Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Uranium Spectrum between 1.8 and 5.5 Microns Emitted from a Hollow Cathode Authors: Conway, J. G.; Worden, E. F.; Brault, J. W.; Hubbard, R. P.; Wagner, J. J. Bibcode: 1984ADNDT..31..299C Altcode: The emission spectrum of uranium has been observed in the infrared from 1.8 to 5.5 μm using the McMath Fourier transform spectrometer at the Kitt Peak National Observatory, and a water-cooled hollow cathode lamp. The wavenumber, wavelength, and relative intensity of 4418 lines between 1817 and 5598 cm -1 that can be classified as transitions between known levels of the first and second spectra of uranium have been tabulated. In addition, wavenumbers and intensities of 4744 lines that cannot be classified in this manner are listed. Most of these are believed to be uranium emission lines. Isotope shifts are reported for 196 lines. Title: Astronomical Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Revisited Authors: Ridgway, S. T.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1984ARA&A..22..291R Altcode: The principal objective of this review is to introduce the Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and to discuss both its demonstrated capabilities and its limitations for astronomical measurements. A very brief introduction to the optical characteristics of the FTS is followed by a point-by-point consideration of the distinctive features of the FTS that make it attractive or unattractive for particular astronomical applications. To further clarify the possible uses of the technique, the final section of the review describes in some detail numerous successful applications of the FTS. Title: Report of the optical conference on the 7.6-meter telescope held in Austin, Texas, March 22 - 24, 1982. Authors: Smith, H. J.; Barnes, T. G., III; Tull, R. G.; Nather, R. E.; Angel, R.; Meinel, A.; Macfarlane, M.; Brault, J.; Neugebauer, G.; Gillett, F.; Richardson, E. H. Bibcode: 1984PAUTx..22.....S Altcode: Contents: Introductions (H. J. Smith). History of the project (H. J. Smith). Project constraints (T. G. Barnes III).Project constraints (R. G. Tull). Telescope concept (R. E. Nather). Auxiliary instruments (R. E. Nather). Paul-Baker prime focus (R. Angel). Prime focus and Nasmyth cameras (A. Meinel). Nasmyth focal reducers (M. MacFarlane). Spectrometry (R. Angel, R. G. Tull, J. Brault). Infrared sites (G. Neugebauer). IR instrumentation (F. Gillett). Prime focus imaging (E. H. Richardson). Primary mirror figure control (R. G. Tull). Title: Coherent scattering in the solar spectrum - Survey of linear polarization in the range 4200-9950 A Authors: Stenflo, J. O.; Twerenbold, D.; Harvey, J. W.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1983A&AS...54..505S Altcode: Solar-limb linear polarization observations are reported and discussed. A linearly polarized 4200-9950-A spectrum was obtained using the Fourier-transform spectrometer on the KPNO McMath telescope with an entrance aperture of 10 x 17.5 arcsec centered 10 arcsec inside the solar limb near one of the heliograhic poles, in seven 48-95-min exposures on October 2-3, 1978, and April 27-28, 1979, and recorded using the special modulation scheme described by Brault (1978). The noise level varies from 0.01 to 0.1 percent, and the continuum polarization decreases from over 0.1 percent below 4200 A to less than 0.01 percent above 6000 A. The polarization amplitudes of the clearly significant lines are listed in a table, and the polarization profiles of the most interesting cases are illustrated and discussed. It is shown that the conventional model of dipole and isotropic scattering is contradicted by the observations of fluorescent scattering within and between multiplets and of quantum-mechanical interferences between atomic states with different combinations of total angular momenta. Title: The ground state of molecular hydrogen Authors: Jennings, D. E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1983JMoSp.102..265J Altcode: The v = 0-0 quadrupole spectrum of H2 has been recorded using a 0.005-cm-1 resolution Fourier transform spectrometer. The rotational lines S(1) through S(5) are observable in the spectra, in the region 587 to 1447 cm-1. The spectral position for S(0) was also obtained from its v = 1-0 ground-state combination difference. The high accuracy of the H2 measurements has permitted a determination of four rotational constants. These are (in cm-1) B0 = 59.33455(6); D0 = 0.045682(4); H0 = 4.854(12) × 10-5 L0 = -5.41(12) × 10-8. The hydrogen line positions will facilitate studies of structure and dynamics in astrophysical objects exhibiting infrared H2 spectra. The absolute accuracy of frequency calibration over wide spectral ranges was verified using 10-μm CO2 and 3.39-μm CH4 laser frequencies. Standard frequencies for 5-μm CO were found to be high by 12 MHz (3.9 × 10-4 cm-1). Title: Simultaneous detection of FC-11, FC-12 and FC-22, through 8 to 13 Micrometers IR solar observations from the ground Authors: Zander, Rodolphe; Stokes, Gerald M.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1983GeoRL..10..521Z Altcode: High-resolution solar observations covering the 8 to 13 µm atmospheric window are now being carried out routinely at the Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO), Tucson, Arizona, using a 1 meter-path difference Fourier transform spectrometer. Such observations allow the simultaneous measurement of a large number of trace gases. Preliminary results for the three most important fluorocarbons, FC-11, FC-12 and FC-22 are reported here. These results, in the form of average mixing ratios, show the potential and illustrate the performance of the Kitt Peak interferometer for this application. Title: Laboratory Spectra of CH4 at Low Temperature for an Improved Determination of the 12C/13C ratio in Jupiter and Saturn Authors: de Bergh, C.; Johns, J. W. C.; McKellar, A. R. W.; Brault, J.; Maillard, J. P. Bibcode: 1983BAAS...15..833D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Solar emission lines near 12 microns Authors: Brault, J.; Noyes, R. Bibcode: 1983ApJ...269L..61B Altcode: The newly discovered 12 micron emission lines in the solar spectrum are found to vary strongly with position on the solar disk. The two strongest lines strengthen greatly toward the limb and disappear in spot umbrae. They show pronounced splitting in spot penumbrae and plages, characteristic of simple Zeeman triplets with g approximately equal to 1. Their narrow line profiles suggest a chromospheric rather than coronal origin, but the lines remain unidentified. Forty-one additional unidentified far-infrared solar emission lines are reported. Potential uses of the lines for astrophysical investigations are noted. Title: Magnetically-Sensitive Solar Emission Lines Near 12 Microns Authors: Brault, J. W.; Noyes, R. W. Bibcode: 1983BAAS...15..702B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Line positions and strengths in the (001), (110), and (030) bands of HDO Authors: Toth, R. A.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1983ApOpt..22..908T Altcode: A Fourier transform spectrometer of 0.01/cm resolution has been used to study the vibration-rotation spectrum of HDO in the 3250-4370/cm region, and a nonlinear least squares fitting technique has been employed in measurements of the strengths, positions and pressure-broadening parameters of over 1400 lines. In addition to determining values of both the ground state levels and levels in the (001), (110), and (030) states, an analysis is undertaken of the strengths of 953 lines in order to establish band strengths, F factor coefficients, and Fermi interaction parameters. Detailed results are presented in tabular form. Title: Absorption Lines of Feh in a Sunspot Spectrum Authors: Wohl, H.; Engvold, O.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1983itab.rept....1W Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Structure and line strengths in extreme jk coupling: An experimental and theoretical study in Ni II Authors: Brault, J. W.; Litzén, U. Bibcode: 1983PhyS...28..475B Altcode: The spectrum emitted from a nickel hollow cathode has been recorded with a Fourier transform spectrometer. Two dense groups of lines just above 18 000 Å have been identified as the transitions 3d8 (3F)5f-3d8 (3F)6g and 3d8 (3F)5g-3d8 (3F)6h in Ni II. The level structure of the configurations involved in these transitions has been studied by fitting the Slater parameters of the energy matrices to the observations. The fitted parameters have been used for calculating the relative line strengths in the transition arrays. Comparisons with the observed intensities show very good agreement. Title: Absorption lines of FeH in a sunspot spectrum. Authors: Wöhl, H.; Engvold, O.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1983ITABO..56.....W Altcode: The strengths of the 8690 Å and 9890 Å bands of the FeH molecule are measured in the spectrum of a large sunspot. The strongest lines attain central depths of about 20% of the continuum intensity. Title: Line positions and strengths in the H2 quadrupole spectrum. Authors: Bragg, S. L.; Brault, J. W.; Smith, W. H. Bibcode: 1982ApJ...263..999B Altcode: Experimental results from measurements of the number of levels in the 1-0 to 4-0 vibrational bands of molecular hydrogen are reported. The observations were made with the Kitt Peak solar Fourier transform spectrometer in conjunction with a 6 m base length White cell. Filters with 3-6 A bandwidths were employed for the 3-0 and 4-0 lines, while blocking filters were used for the 1-0 and 2-0 lines. A Galatry (1961) function was fitted to the lines to ascertain their strengths and centers. Results are provided for the frequencies of observed transitions at 2.8 atm and 296 K, for the 1-0 and 2-0 pressure shifts, and for rotational constants. New ground-state rotational constants were defined, including B at 59.33451/cm, D at 0.04561/cm, and H at 0.0000456/cm, which are noted to produce significant changes in previously calculated high J lines. Title: Ground-based Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements of Atmospheric Hydrogen Cyanide Authors: Rinsland, C. P.; Smith, M. A. H.; Rinsland, P. L.; Goldman, A.; Brault, J. W.; Stokes, G. M. Bibcode: 1982JGR....8711119R Altcode: A number of lines of the ν3 band of hydrogen cyanide have been detected in solar absorption spectra recorded near sunrise and sunset at Kitt Peak National Observatory (elevation 2095 m) with a 0.01 cm-1 resolution Fourier transform spectrometer. Analysis of two of the strongest and best isolated lines has led to a value of 2.73×1015 molecules cm-2 for the vertical column abundance of HCN above Kitt Peak. The accuracy of this value is estimated as ±25%. This result, combined with the stratospheric concentration of HCN derived by Coffey, Mankin, and Cicerone (1981), yields 166 parts per trillion by volume for the average mixing ratio of HCN between 2 and 12 km. This is the first determination of the HCN concentration in the nonurban troposphere. Title: Fourier Transform Spectrometry in Relation to Other Passive Spectrometers Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1982RSPTA.307..503B Altcode: 1982RSLPT.307..503B The relative merits of Fourier transform spectrometers and alternative passive spectrometers are explored qualitatively with emphasis on the quantity, quality, and cost of information flow. This includes a brief look at throughput, detector considerations and spectral coverage; resolution and accuracy in intensity and wavelength; and cost of construction and data reduction. Finally, the possibilities of multiple detectors and extensions of the technique to the vacuum ultraviolet by means of all-reflecting wavefront division interferometers are mentioned. Title: Line positions and strengths of HDO in the 2400-3300-cm - 1 region Authors: Toth, R. A.; Gupta, V. D.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1982ApOpt..21.3337T Altcode: The vibration-rotation spectrum of HDO in the 2400-3300 per cm region has been studied at 0.01 per cm resolution with a Fourier transform spectrometer. Values of the ground state levels and levels in the (100) and (020) states have been determined from the data. The ground state levels are fitted to a Watson-type Hamiltonian from which 17 rotational constants are obtained. Measurements of the strengths of over 1100 lines have been made using a nonlinear least-squares fitting technique, and 548 of these lines are analyzed to determine the band strengths, the coefficients of the F factors, and the Coriolis interaction parameters. The strengths of the A- and B-type (100) bands and the A- and B-type (020) bands are 53.2 + or - 0.9, 0.43 + or - 0.07, 6.00 + or - 0.54, and 2.75 + or - 0.12 per sq cm per atm at 296 K, respectively. Title: High Resolution Spectroscopy in the 6825Å Region. Authors: de Bergh, C.; Chauville, J.; Brault, J.; Lutz, B. L.; Owen, T.; Danehy, R.; Maillard, J. P. Bibcode: 1982BAAS...14..733D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Analysis of the ν1 and ν2 + ν4 bands of 12CH4 Authors: Brown, Linda R.; Toth, Robert A.; Robiette, Alan G.; Lolck, Jens-Erik; Hunt, Robert H.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1982JMoSp..93..317B Altcode: Line assignments, positions, strengths, and experimentally determined upper states are reported for the ν1 and ν2 + ν4 infrared bands of 12CH4. The bands have been analyzed using infrared spectra recorded with different optical densities and temperatures at 0.02- and 0.01-cm-1 resolution using a four-passed grating spectrometer at Florida State University and a Fourier transform spectrometer at Kitt Peak National Observatory. Both ν1 and ν2 + ν4 lines are assigned through J' = 14. For J' >= 10, the upper state of the vibrationally infrared inactive ν1 band interacts strongly with ν2 + ν4 and is observed in the infrared spectrum with line strengths on the order of 10-3 cm-2 atm-1. The upper-state energies and transition intensities are calculated from the molecular constants and transition moment matrix elements obtained through a simultaneous analysis of ν1, ν3, ν2 + ν4, 2ν4, and 2ν2. Title: Laboratory measurements of the pure rotation S/2/ and S/3/ transitions in H2 Authors: Jennings, D. E.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1982ApJ...256L..29J Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Infrared bands of C2 in the solar photospheric spectrum Authors: Brault, J. W.; Testerman, L.; Grevesse, N.; Sauval, A. J.; Delbouille, L.; Roland, G. Bibcode: 1982A&A...108..201B Altcode: Lines of the C2 Phillips system have been successfully searched for on new tracings of high resolution solar spectra. From a rather large number of lines of the (0,0), (1,0), and (0, 1) bands, we derive empirical values for the band oscillator strengths: f00 = 1.41 10-3, f10 = 1.38 10-3, and f01 = 1.12 10-3. These solar f-values are discussed in section 3.1 and compared with recent laboratory data.

For the Ballik-Ramsay system, only a few unblended solar lines have been available, from which we deduced 0.6 10-3 ≪ f00 ≪ 1.2 10-3. Title: Fundamental vibration-rotation bands and molecular constants for the ArH+ ground state (1Σ+) Authors: Brault, J. W.; Davis, S. P. Bibcode: 1982PhyS...25..268B Altcode: Five vibration-rotation bands of the ground state X1Σ+ of ArH+ have been observed in the infrared emission spectrum of a carbon hollow cathode lamp, using the McMath solar Fourier transform spectrometer at KPNO. The leading Dunham coefficients are found to be (in cm-1): Y10 = 2710.9191, Y20 = -61.630 75, Y30 = 0.502 654, Y40 = -0.001 091 7; Y01 = 10.461 276, Y11 = -0.378 782, Y21 = 0.003 017 3; Y02 = -6.230 × 10-4, Y12 = 0.082 97 × 10-4; Y03 = 1.584 × 10-8, Y13 = -0.0459 × 10-8; Y04 ~ -0.64 × 10-12. Title: Detection par Voie Spectroscopique, de l'Acetylene et de l'Ethane dans l'Atmosphere Terrestre, a partir d'Observations Solaires Infrarouges au Sol Authors: Zander, R.; Stokes, G. M.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1982CRASB.295..583Z Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Isotopes of nickel in the sun Authors: Brault, J. W.; Holweger, H. Bibcode: 1981ApJ...249L..43B Altcode: High-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer spectra of near-infrared Ni I lines reveal isotopic structure both in a laboratory source and in the spectrum of the quiet photosphere. The solar Ni-58/Ni-60 ratio agrees with that found in terrestrial and meteoritic matter Title: Line assignments and intensities of the nu 2 + nu 3 - nu 2 band of /C-12/H4 Authors: Brown, L. R.; Toth, R. A.; Hunt, R. H.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1981JMoSp..89..528B Altcode: 1981MolPh..89..528B As part of a comprehensive effort to compile line parameters of methane from 2400 to 3200 cm -1, the P and R branches of the ν2 + ν3 - ν2 band of CH 4 at 3010 cm -1 were assigned through upper state J = 9. The process utilized the analysis of ν2 + ν3 at 4544 cm -1 by J. C. Hilico, J. Degni, J. P. Champion, and G. Guelachvili ( J. Mol. Spectrosc.81, 277-302 (1980)) and the ν2 levels derived from the infrared spectrum by Margolis (in preparation) to predict the positions of the hot band. Experimentally determined lower-state energies were used to confirm assignments, and line intensities of the 300 transitions assigned are observed on the order of 10 -3 cm -2 atm -1 or less. Title: On the possible detection of CH3D on Titan and Uranus Authors: Lutz, B. L.; de Bergh, C.; Maillard, J. -P.; Owen, T.; Brault, J. Bibcode: 1981ApJ...248L.141L Altcode: The possible spectral detection of monodeuterated methane, CH3D, in the atmospheres of Titan and Uranus is reported. The detection was made on the basis of the identification of a new band centered near 6425 per cm in laboratory spectra of CH3D, which could possibly account for the strength of the methane absorption near 6400 per cm observed in the interferometric spectra of Titan and Uranus of Fink and Larson (1979). On the basis of measurements of the CH3D/CH4 natural abundance ratio and the estimated band strength of the 6425 per cm band, it is concluded that approximately 15% of the observed methane absorption is due to CH3D, rather than a pure temperature effect in CH4. Title: Anomalous C-12H4:C-13H4 strengths in 3 NY sub 3 Authors: Brault, J. W.; Fox, K.; Jennings, D. E.; Margolis, J. S. Bibcode: 1981ApJ...247L.101B Altcode: The C-12:C-13 ratios in the atmospheres of the outer planets are important parameters with which to test models for isotope formation and fractionation during the early history of the solar system, yielding insight into processes occurring in the primitive solar nebula. The 3 ny3 spectra of methane were obtained using the Kitt Peak Solar Fourier Transform Spectrometer and a 6 m White cell. The experimental results are summarized in a table. The strength ratios for the R-branch of 3 ny3 exhibit strong anomalies, with C-13H4 lines consistently weaker than their C-12H4 counterparts. The C-12:C-13 abundance ratios for the atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn have been redetermined using the 3 ny3 line-strength ratios measured. Title: Detection of CH3D and Measurements of the CH3D/CH4 Ratio on Titan and Uranus. Authors: de Bergh, C.; Lutz, B. L.; Lockwood, G. W.; Owen, T.; Brault, J.; Buriez, J. C. Bibcode: 1981BAAS...13..703D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Thermal Bifurcation in Solar Calcium Plages Authors: Ayres, T. R.; Linsky, J. L.; Testerman, L.; Brault, J. Bibcode: 1981BAAS...13..915A Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: New Standard Wavelengths for the Radial Velocity Aficionado Authors: Brault, J.; Hubbard, R. Bibcode: 1981KPNON..16....7B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Quadrupole transitions of the 1<-0 band of N2 observed in a high resolution atmospheric spectrum. Authors: Camy-Peyret, C.; Flaud, J. -M.; Delbouille, L.; Roland, G.; Brault, J. W.; Testerman, L. Bibcode: 1981JPhys..42L.279C Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Identification of the CrH molecule in a sunspot spectrum. Authors: Engvold, O.; Woehl, H.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1980A&AS...42..209E Altcode: The 6Σ+ - 6Σ+ infrared system of the CrH molecule has been identified in the spectrum of a large sunspot. Title: CH3D: On its Possible Presence in Outer Planet Atmospheres Authors: Lutz, B. L.; Debergh, C.; Maillard, J. P.; Owen, T.; Brault, J. Bibcode: 1980BAAS...12..837L Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Regions of Weak Methane Absorptions in the Near Infrared : Laboratory Measurements and Planetary Applications. Authors: de Bergh, C.; Maillard, J. P.; Brault, J.; Buriez, J. C.; Lutz, B.; Owen, T. Bibcode: 1980BAAS...12..668D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Detection of electric quadrupole transitions in the oxygen A band at 7600 Å Authors: Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1980JMoSp..80..384B Altcode: Observations of the sun at low altitude have been used to detect the TS (electric quadrupole) branch of the ``A'' band of atmospheric oxygen at 7600 Å. Line strengths, line-widths, and wavenumbers are tabulated for the eight observable lines, N'' = 5 to 19. These quadrupole transitions are found to be weaker than the main magnetic dipole transitions by a factor of 3 × 10-6.

Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. Title: A Polarimeter for a Fourier Transform Spectrometer and Initial Solar Observations Authors: Harvey, J.; Brault, J.; Stenflo, J.; Zwaan, C. Bibcode: 1980BAAS...12R.476H Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The titanium oxide phi system Authors: Galehouse, D. C.; Davis, S. P.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1980ApJS...42..241G Altcode: The phi system of titanium oxide has been studied in emission in the near-infrared, with the Fourier transform spectrometer, at a resolution of 800,000. Approximately 3000 lines from 25 bands of this system have been identified, including all five 0-0 and 0-1 bands corresponding to the five natural titanium isotopes. Eleven vibrational levels have been observed, and all bands have been rotationally analyzed. Band intensities are in agreement with known isotopic abundances and calculated Franck-Condon factors. Title: Determination of the H2 4-0 S/1/ quadrupole line strength and pressure shift Authors: Brault, J. W.; Smith, W. H. Bibcode: 1980ApJ...235L.177B Altcode: The strength of the 4-0 S(1) transition of H2 is 1.54 plus or minus 0.09 x 0.0001/cm (km amagat). This is in good agreement with theoretical predictions, but at variance with published laboratory measurements. A pressure shift for the same transition was measured to be -0.0065 plus or minus 0.0014/cm amagat between 2.58 and 1.65 amagats, which is close to the predicted value of semiempirical theory. Title: Solar Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1980fsoo.conf...33B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Solar Fourier transform spectroscopy. Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1979MmArc.106...33B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Intensity and pressure shift of the H2(4,0) S(1) quadrupole line. Authors: Bergstralh, J. T.; Margolis, J. S.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1978ApJ...224L..39B Altcode: Results are presented for two laboratory measurements of the intensity and central frequency of the (4, 0) S(1) quadrupole line of H2, which were made at pressures of 2.658 and 1.494 atm through a 0.456-km path length. It is found that the absolute line intensity is significantly lower than the value predicted from theoretical matrix elements but is essentially identical to the value derived by Rank et al. (1966). The central-frequency results are shown to verify the pressure shift predicted by McKellar (1974). It is concluded that hydrogen abundances estimated from the equivalent width of the (4,0) S(1) quadrupole line in the spectra of the outer planets will have to be revised upward by nearly a factor of 2. Title: High Resolution Laboratory Spectrum of the 2ν4 Band of Methane Authors: Brown, L. R.; Toth, R. A.; Hunt, R. H.; Robiette, A. G.; Brault, J. Bibcode: 1978BAAS...10..558B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Solar Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1978fsoo.conf...33B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Laboratory Measurements of the H2 (4,0) Quadrupole S(1) Line and the 6800 Å Band of CH4. Authors: Bergstrahl, J. T.; Brault, J. W.; Margolis, J. S. Bibcode: 1977BAAS....9..515B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Confirmation of the presence of iron hydride in sunspots and cool stars. Authors: Wing, R. F.; Cohen, J.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1977ApJ...216..659W Altcode: A high-resolution sunspot spectrum clearly shows the presence of the 9896-A and 8691-A bands of iron hydride (FeH). At least 332 lines of the two bands, accounting for 80% of the lines registered in the laboratory, can be identified with certainty in the spot spectrum; most of these are unblended. An estimate that the 9896-A band is 2.0 + or - 0.2 times stronger than the 8691-A band supports the idea, suggested earlier by laboratory deuteride experiments, that the 9896-A band is the (0, 0) transition. No evidence for FeH is found in the spectrum of the solar disk. Image-tube spectrograms of M dwarfs and S stars have been taken in the near-infrared at 86 A/mm to examine the feature which Nordh, Lindgren, and Wing (1977) have proposed is due to the 9896-A band of FeH. At this dispersion enough band structure is evident to confirm the identification in both kinds of stars. Title: Rapid-scan high-resolution Fourier spectrometer for the visible. Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1976JOSA...66.1081B Altcode: 1976OSAJ...66.1081B No abstract at ADS Title: The solar beryllium abundance. Authors: Chmielewski, Y.; Brault, J. W.; Mueller, E. A. Bibcode: 1975A&A....42...37C Altcode: An interpretation of high-resolution centerlimb observations of the Be II resonance lines in the solar spectrum is given. It is shown that to account for the observed spectrum, it is necessary to allow for (1) a source of additional opacity in the UV continuum which was derived empirically for the HSRA (Harvard Smithsonian Reference Atmosphere) and revised Holweger (1974) models and (2) departures from LTE in the Be I-Be II system. It is found that the 2p(3)P(0) metastable level of Be I is significantly underpopulated and that beryllium is more ionized than expected in the case of local thermodynamic equilibrium. The kinetic equilibrium calculations yield a logarithmic beryllium abundance of approximately 1.15 (on the basis of a logarithmic hydrogen abundance of 12.00), which is in agreement with previous determinations based on the LTE assumption. Title: The Solar Lithium Abundance. I: Observations of the Solar Lithium Feature at λ 6707.8 Å Authors: Brault, J. W.; Mueller, E. A. Bibcode: 1975SoPh...41...43B Altcode: A detailed observational study of the solar photospheric lithium feature has been carried out with emphasis on center-limb observations, continuum location, possible effects of telluric lines, effects of blending by atomic and molecular lines, and decomposition of the solar spectrum around λ6707 Å. Title: Absorption Coefficients of Selected Atmospheric Water Lines Authors: Brault, J. W.; Fender, J. S.; Hall, D. N. B. Bibcode: 1975JQSRT..15..549B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Solar Neutral Iron Spectrum. I: Measurement of Solar Fe I Line Profiles from Center to Limb Authors: Lites, Bruce W.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1973SoPh...30..283L Altcode: Mean profiles of eighteen neutral iron lines of varying strengths were measured at selected positions from the center of the solar disk to the limb. These profiles were obtained by rapid photoelectric scanning of the spectrum with a double-pass spectrometer. The Fe I lines selected are representative of most of the stronger low-lying transitions in the neutral iron atom. In addition to the iron lines, this observational program includes center-to-limb measurements of three Ti II lines and of the Ca I resonance line λ4226.7. The line profiles are presented here in graphical form after correction for instrumental effects and normalization to the local disk center continuum. Title: A high precision Fourier spectrometer for the visible. Authors: Brault, J. Bibcode: 1972ailt.conf..367B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: A First Order Analysis of Variations of the Limb Darkening and the Shapes for Solar Fraunhofer Lilnes Authors: Athay, R. G.; Lites, B. W.; White, O. R.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1972SoPh...24...18A Altcode: New center-to-limb measurements in FeI lines show changes in both the line profiles and the limb darkening curves that appear to be characteristic of many other solar lines. Here we seek the constraints placed on the atmospheric model by these effects. We find that in addition to a depth varying source function we must also allow the ratio of the continuous absorption coefficient to the total absorption coefficient to pass through a minimum in the mid-photosphere. Such an effect is consistent with inward increases of the Doppler width and damping constant in the upper photosphere and an inward increase of the ionization for both iron and hydrogen in the low photosphere. Title: Measurements of the limb darkening in the forbidden Mg i line at 4571.1 Å Authors: White, O. R.; Altrock, R. C.; Brault, J. W.; Slaughter, C. D. Bibcode: 1972SoPh...23...18W Altcode: We report high resolution measurements of the center-to-limb variation of the MgI line at 4571.1 Å. This forbidden line is of interest because it should be formed in LTE. Comparison of our measurements with the Harvard-Smithsonian Reference Atmosphere show that the line center radiation originates in the temperature minimum region from 330 to 550 km above the point where τcontinuum = 1. Observations near the limb confirm that the temperature minimum is ∼4200K. Title: Kitt Peak solar atlas Authors: Brault, J. Bibcode: 1972kpsa.book.....B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Abundance of Chlorine in the Sun Authors: Lambert, D. L.; Mallia, E. A.; Brault, J. Bibcode: 1971SoPh...19..289L Altcode: A low-noise photoelectric scan which includes the predicted position of the ClI transition 4s4P5/2-4p4D07/2 provides inconclusive evidence for the presence of the line in the solar photospheric spectrum. An upper limit logN(Cl) ⩽ 5.5 is derived. It is pointed out that the fundamental vibration rotation band of HC1 at 3.3 μ should be detectable in the sunspot spectrum unless logN(Cl) < 4.6. Sunspot spectra may also provide the isotopic abundance ratio N(Cl35)/N(Cl37). Title: The Analysis and Restoration of Astronomical Data via the Fast Fourier Transform Authors: Brault, J. W.; White, O. R. Bibcode: 1971A&A....13..169B Altcode: Since the powerful techniques developed in communications theory have been little used to Fourier analyze astronomical measurements and correct them for smearing, we discuss the application of Fourier transforms and the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm to these problems. Basic sampling theory and the discrete Fourier transform are presented flsst, and then applied to the analysis of solar time series and to the correction of line spectra for observational smearing. The solution of the empirical restoration problem is based on a fflter technique, which suppresses the noise and corrects for smearing in an optimum fashion. Key words: restoration - power spectra - Fourier transform - sampling Title: True Central Intensities of Fraunhofer Lines Authors: Brault, J. W.; Slaughter, C. D.; Pierce, A. K.; Aikens, R. S. Bibcode: 1971SoPh...18..366B Altcode: From observations made at Kitt Peak the true central intensities of 40 Fraunhofer lines distributed between λλ 3083-7699, for the center of the solar disk, are derived and given in tabular form. The paper includes a description of the optical system - telescope and spectrograph. The methods of observation and reduction of the data are discussed. Title: Observations of the 5000-Å Water Vapor Band Authors: Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1969BAAS....1S.234B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Solar Wavelength Program-Kitt Peak National Observatory Authors: Brault, J. W.; Breckinridge, J. B.; Pierce, A. K. Bibcode: 1969BAAS....1Q.235B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Phase Linearizing the Low Pass Butterworth Design Authors: Aikens, R. S.; Brault, J. W. Bibcode: 1969ElDes..17...74A Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Sur la transformation numérique de Hankel et son application à la réduction de profils instrumentaux bidimensionnels Authors: Brault, J. Bibcode: 1968AnAp...31..323B Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Search for a Stokes' Shift in the R1 Lines of Ruby Authors: Warter, Peter J., Jr.; Martinelli, Ramon U.; Brault, James W. Bibcode: 1965JAP....36..468W Altcode: Virtually simultaneous measurements of the emission and absorption profiles of the ruby R1 line show that no significant Stokes' shift is present. Observations were made on rubies of 0.0055% and 0.0186% Cr by weight with both crystallographic orientations and both polarizations in the temperature range from 77° to 153°K. The position of the peaks in the absorption line matched those of the emission line to within 0.002 cm-1. Shifts of this size or smaller cause no significant change in the operating characteristics of a laser. Title: Shuttle-Streaming: Synchronization with Heat Production in Slime Mold Authors: Allen, Robert D.; Reid Pitts, W., Jr.; Speir, David; Brault, James Bibcode: 1963Sci...142.1485A Altcode: Two small blobs and a channel excised from a slime mold plasmodium were allowed to fuse into a dumbbell-shaped mass in a thermally insulated Kamiya double chamber equipped with naked bead thermistors in contact with the blobs. Cyclic temperature differences of from 1 × 10-4 to 5 × 10-2 deg Celsius were recorded by a sensitive lock-in amplifier method with a basal noise level of less than 2 × 10-5 deg Celsius and a time constant of 0.5 second. The temperature differences were caused by periodic bursts of heat production synchronized perfectly with the shuttle-streaming cycle and invariably localized at the source rather than the destination of the streaming cytoplasm. The results support the theory that the motive force for cytoplasmic streaming in the slime mold is pressure, probably generated by contraction of elements in the channel walls. Title: A New Method of Polarization Microscopic Analysis: I. Scanning with a Birefringence Detection System Authors: Allen, R. D.; Brault, J. W.; Moore, R. D. Bibcode: 1963JCBio..18..223A Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Gravitational Red Shift in the Solar Spectrum. Authors: Brault, James William Bibcode: 1962PhDT........57B Altcode: No abstract at ADS