Author name code: schuster ADS astronomy entries on 2022-09-14 author:Schuster, Arthur ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Title: Demonstration of an x-ray Raman spectroscopy setup to study warm dense carbon at the high energy density instrument of European XFEL Authors: Voigt, K.; Zhang, M.; Ramakrishna, K.; Amouretti, A.; Appel, K.; Brambrink, E.; Cerantola, V.; Chekrygina, D.; Döppner, T.; Falcone, R. W.; Falk, K.; Fletcher, L. B.; Gericke, D. O.; Göde, S.; Harmand, M.; Hartley, N. J.; Hau-Riege, S. P.; Huang, L. G.; Humphries, O. S.; Lokamani, M.; Makita, M.; Pelka, A.; Prescher, C.; Schuster, A. K.; Šmíd, M.; Toncian, T.; Vorberger, J.; Zastrau, U.; Preston, T. R.; Kraus, D. Bibcode: 2021PhPl...28h2701V Altcode: We present a proof-of-principle study demonstrating x-ray Raman Spectroscopy (XRS) from carbon samples at ambient conditions in conjunction with other common diagnostics to study warm dense matter, performed at the high energy density scientific instrument of the European x-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). We obtain sufficient spectral resolution to identify the local structure and chemical bonding of diamond and graphite samples, using highly annealed pyrolytic graphite spectrometers. Due to the high crystal reflectivity and XFEL brightness, we obtain signal strengths that will enable accurate XRS measurements in upcoming pump-probe experiments with a high repetition-rate, where the samples will be pumped with high-power lasers. Molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory together with XRS simulations demonstrate the potential of this technique and show predictions for high-energy-density conditions. Our setup allows simultaneous implementation of several different diagnostic methods to reduce ambiguities in the analysis of the experimental results, which, for warm dense matter, often relies on simplifying model assumptions. The promising capabilities demonstrated here provide unprecedented insights into chemical and structural dynamics in warm dense matter states of light elements, including conditions similar to the interiors of planets, low-mass stars, and other celestial bodies. Title: Measuring the structure and equation of state of polyethylene terephthalate at megabar pressures Authors: Lütgert, J.; Vorberger, J.; Hartley, N. J.; Voigt, K.; Rödel, M.; Schuster, A. K.; Benuzzi-Mounaix, A.; Brown, S.; Cowan, T. E.; Cunningham, E.; Döppner, T.; Falcone, R. W.; Fletcher, L. B.; Galtier, E.; Glenzer, S. H.; Laso Garcia, A.; Gericke, D. O.; Heimann, P. A.; Lee, H. J.; McBride, E. E.; Pelka, A.; Prencipe, I.; Saunders, A. M.; Schölmerich, M.; Schörner, M.; Sun, P.; Vinci, T.; Ravasio, A.; Kraus, D. Bibcode: 2021NatSR..1112883L Altcode: We present structure and equation of state (EOS) measurements of biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate (PET, (C10H8O4) n?, also called mylar) shock-compressed to (155 ±20 ?) GPa and (6000 ±1000 ?) K using in situ X-ray diffraction, Doppler velocimetry, and optical pyrometry. Comparing to density functional theory molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations, we find a highly correlated liquid at conditions differing from predictions by some equations of state tables, which underlines the influence of complex chemical interactions in this regime. EOS calculations from ab initio DFT-MD simulations and shock Hugoniot measurements of density, pressure and temperature confirm the discrepancy to these tables and present an experimentally benchmarked correction to the description of PET as an exemplary material to represent the mixture of light elements at planetary interior conditions. Title: Hematite phase diagram under laser shock compression Authors: Amouretti, A.; Harmand, M.; Boury, A.; Albertazzi, B.; Benuzzi-Mounaix, A.; Chin, A.; Francois, G.; Koenig, M.; Kraus, D.; Mathon, O.; Pascarelli, S.; Pépin, C.; Voigt, K.; Schuster, A.; Sévelin-Radiguet, N.; Sollier, A.; Torchio, R.; Vinci, T.; Zhang, M.; Fiquet, G. Bibcode: 2020AGUFMMR0160010A Altcode: Until recently, iron oxides were assumed to comprise only FeO, Fe3O4, and Fe2O3. However, static compression experiments have demonstrated the existence of new iron oxide stoichiometries at high pressure and temperature such as FeO2 [1], Fe4O5 [2], Fe5O6 [3], Fe13O19 [4]. These discoveries, with the wide variety of iron oxides phases existing at high pressure [5], highlight the complexity of iron-oxygen phase diagram at extreme condition. In this context, measurements of physical properties, phase transition processes and phase diagrams of Fe-O systems with laser shock compression techniques offer opportunities to extend the actual pressure and temperature ranges of such studies. Here, we will present main results from a laser shock experiment at the ID24 ESRF beamline using time-resolved X-ray absorption measurement on Fe2O3 samples. In addition, we will show results from a recent experiment performed at LULI 2000 to measure the equation of state and calculate sound velocities along the Fe2O3 Hugoniot and above 500GPa.

[1] Hu2016 [2] Lavina 2011 [3] Lavina 2015 [4] Merlini 2015 [5] Bykova 2016 Title: Chemistry and structural properties of C-H-O mixtures at conditions comparable to the interiors of ice giants Authors: Kraus, D.; Hartley, N.; Vorberger, J.; Lütgert, J.; Rödel, M.; Chekrygina, D.; Schuster, A.; Voigt, K.; Ravasio, A.; Yabuuchi, T.; Zhang, M.; Ozaki, N. Bibcode: 2020AGUFMP074...03K Altcode: The interiors of the ice giants Uranus and Neptune are dominated by a warm dense mixture of light elements, which presumably results in complex chemistry and phase transitions. New experimental capabilities, such as the combination of high-energy lasers and X-ray free electron lasers, allow for investigating such states of matter with unprecedented detail in the laboratory [1-6]. Here we show results from C-H-O samples dynamically compressed to pressures around 200 GPa and heated to temperatures of few thousand kelvins. Structural changes recorded by both in situ X-ray diffraction and small angle X-ray scattering show phase separation of carbon, which is evidently not retarded or prevented by the presence of oxygen. In contrast, we find that carbon is transferred to diamond more effectively in C-H-O in comparison to C-H samples brought to similar conditions. These findings are in line with quantum simulations predicting that the presence of oxygen more supports than prevents the phase separation of carbon and hydrogen. Besides carbon precipitation, this process may also trigger the creation of isolated metallic hydrogen or superionic ices and therefore can have significant consequences for the internal structure of icy giant planets. Title: Direct Observation of Shock-Induced Disordering of Enstatite Below the Melting Temperature Authors: Hernandez, J. -A.; Morard, G.; Guarguaglini, M.; Alonso-Mori, R.; Benuzzi-Mounaix, A.; Bolis, R.; Fiquet, G.; Galtier, E.; Gleason, A. E.; Glenzer, S.; Guyot, F.; Ko, B.; Lee, H. J.; Mao, W. L.; Nagler, B.; Ozaki, N.; Schuster, A. K.; Shim, S. H.; Vinci, T.; Ravasio, A. Bibcode: 2020GeoRL..4788887H Altcode: We report in situ structural measurements of shock-compressed single crystal orthoenstatite up to 337 ± 55 GPa on the Hugoniot, obtained by coupling ultrafast X-ray diffraction to laser-driven shock compression. Shock compression induces a disordering of the crystalline structure evidenced by the appearance of a diffuse X-ray diffraction signal at nanosecond timescales at 80 ± 13 GPa on the Hugoniot, well below the equilibrium melting pressure (>170 GPa). The formation of bridgmanite and post-perovskite have been indirectly reported in microsecond-scale plate-impact experiments. Therefore, we interpret the high-pressure disordered state we observed at nanosecond scale as an intermediate structure from which bridgmanite and post-perovskite crystallize at longer timescales. This evidence of a disordered structure of MgSiO3 on the Hugoniot indicates that the degree of polymerization of silicates is a key parameter to constrain the actual thermodynamics of shocks in natural environments. Title: Demonstration of X-ray Thomson scattering as diagnostics for miscibility in warm dense matter Authors: Frydrych, S.; Vorberger, J.; Hartley, N. J.; Schuster, A. K.; Ramakrishna, K.; Saunders, A. M.; van Driel, T.; Falcone, R. W.; Fletcher, L. B.; Galtier, E.; Gamboa, E. J.; Glenzer, S. H.; Granados, E.; MacDonald, M. J.; MacKinnon, A. J.; McBride, E. E.; Nam, I.; Neumayer, P.; Pak, A.; Voigt, K.; Roth, M.; Sun, P.; Gericke, D. O.; Döppner, T.; Kraus, D. Bibcode: 2020NatCo..11.2620F Altcode: The gas and ice giants in our solar system can be seen as a natural laboratory for the physics of highly compressed matter at temperatures up to thousands of kelvins. In turn, our understanding of their structure and evolution depends critically on our ability to model such matter. One key aspect is the miscibility of the elements in their interiors. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of X-ray Thomson scattering to quantify the degree of species separation in a 1:1 carbon-hydrogen mixture at a pressure of ~150 GPa and a temperature of ~5000 K. Our measurements provide absolute values of the structure factor that encodes the microscopic arrangement of the particles. From these data, we find a lower limit of 2 4-7+6?% of the carbon atoms forming isolated carbon clusters. In principle, this procedure can be employed for investigating the miscibility behaviour of any binary mixture at the high-pressure environment of planetary interiors, in particular, for non-crystalline samples where it is difficult to obtain conclusive results from X-ray diffraction. Moreover, this method will enable unprecedented measurements of mixing/demixing kinetics in dense plasma environments, e.g., induced by chemistry or hydrodynamic instabilities. Title: Measurement of diamond nucleation rates from hydrocarbons at conditions comparable to the interiors of icy giant planets Authors: Schuster, A. K.; Hartley, N. J.; Vorberger, J.; Döppner, T.; van Driel, T.; Falcone, R. W.; Fletcher, L. B.; Frydrych, S.; Galtier, E.; Gamboa, E. J.; Gericke, D. O.; Glenzer, S. H.; Granados, E.; MacDonald, M. J.; MacKinnon, A. J.; McBride, E. E.; Nam, I.; Neumayer, P.; Pak, A.; Prencipe, I.; Voigt, K.; Saunders, A. M.; Sun, P.; Kraus, D. Bibcode: 2020PhRvB.101e4301S Altcode: We present measurements of the nucleation rate into a diamond lattice in dynamically compressed polystyrene obtained in a pump-probe experiment using a high-energy laser system and in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction. Different temperature-pressure conditions that occur in planetary interiors were probed. For a single shock reaching 70 GPa and 3000 K no diamond formation was observed, while with a double shock driving polystyrene to pressures around 150 GPa and temperatures around 5000 K nucleation rates between 1029 and 1034m-3 s-1 were recorded. These nucleation rates do not agree with predictions of the state-of-the-art theoretical models for carbon-hydrogen mixtures by many orders of magnitude. Our data suggest that there is significant diamond formation to be expected inside icy giant planets like Neptune and Uranus. Title: Formation of diamonds in laser-compressed hydrocarbons at planetary interior conditions Authors: Kraus, D.; Vorberger, J.; Pak, A.; Hartley, N. J.; Fletcher, L. B.; Frydrych, S.; Galtier, E.; Gamboa, E. J.; Gericke, D. O.; Glenzer, S. H.; Granados, E.; MacDonald, M. J.; MacKinnon, A. J.; McBride, E. E.; Nam, I.; Neumayer, P.; Roth, M.; Saunders, A. M.; Schuster, A. K.; Sun, P.; van Driel, T.; Döppner, T.; Falcone, R. W. Bibcode: 2017NatAs...1..606K Altcode: The effects of hydrocarbon reactions and diamond precipitation on the internal structure and evolution of icy giant planets such as Neptune and Uranus have been discussed for more than three decades1. Inside these celestial bodies, simple hydrocarbons such as methane, which are highly abundant in the atmospheres2, are believed to undergo structural transitions3,4 that release hydrogen from deeper layers and may lead to compact stratified cores5-7. Indeed, from the surface towards the core, the isentropes of Uranus and Neptune intersect a temperature-pressure regime in which methane first transforms into a mixture of hydrocarbon polymers8, whereas, in deeper layers, a phase separation into diamond and hydrogen may be possible. Here we show experimental evidence for this phase separation process obtained by in situ X-ray diffraction from polystyrene (C8H8)n samples dynamically compressed to conditions around 150 GPa and 5,000 K; these conditions resemble the environment around 10,000 km below the surfaces of Neptune and Uranus9. Our findings demonstrate the necessity of high pressures for initiating carbon-hydrogen separation3 and imply that diamond precipitation may require pressures about ten times as high as previously indicated by static compression experiments4,8,10. Our results will inform mass-radius relationships of carbon-bearing exoplanets11, provide constraints for their internal layer structure and improve evolutionary models of Uranus and Neptune, in which carbon-hydrogen separation could influence the convective heat transport7. Title: Recent Total Solar Eclipses Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1970ast2.conf..358S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Norman Lockyer and the Total Solar Eclipse of 1875 Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1929Natur.124..838S Altcode: MAY I, for the sake of historical accuracy, beg leave to comment on two conflicting passages in the recently published volume, ``The Life and Work of Sir Norman Lockyer'', both referring to the total solar eclipse of 1875. Title: The Deflection of Light during a Solar Eclipse Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1920Natur.104..468S Altcode: IN discussing the effects of atmospheric refraction during solar eclipses Prof. Anderson disregards the shallowness of the effective layer of air as compared with the diameter of the moon's shadow. Unless the sun be very near the horizon, a line of sight drawn from the centre of the umbra to a point in the corona will remain within the umbra right through this layer. This consideration vitiates the method of solution adopted by Prof. Anderson, and consequently its results. On reading his first letter (NATURE, December 4, 1919) I was struck by the ingenuity of his explanation, more especially as I believe he under valued the amount of the angular deviation arrived at on his theory through taking the sun's radius to be half, instead of a quarter of, a degree. In view of the importance of the subject, a fuller investigation seemed to be required. I hope soon to publish a note giving the complete solution of the problem, and may therefore confine myself here to a statement of the result, which is quite fatal to Prof. Anderson's explanation. I take the altitude of the sun to be 45° and the maximum fall of temperature 4° the figures given may easily be modified to suit other conditions. I further assume the most favourable distribution of temperature, which is that adopted by Prof. Anderson, when the line of maximum fall of temperature is parallel to the edges of the moon's shadow and independent of altitude. Two stars at a distance of three solar, diameters from each other might then show an increase in apparent distance owing to refraction amounting to the 240,000th part of a second of arc. If the diminution of the temperature effect with altitude be taken into account, this figure should be divided by 4. Title: The Green Flash Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1915Natur..95....8S Altcode: PROF. PORTER'S explanation of the green flash (NATURE, February 18) is unable to account for its appearance at sunrise, when it can be observed with great brilliance. When I was passing through the Indian Ocean on my way to observe the total eclipse of 1875 I happened to be on deck before sunrise one morning, and, watching for the first ray of the sun, was surprised to see the first flash of light appear as a vivid green. I had never heard of the phenomenon before, but atmospheric dispersion seemed to me sufficient to account for it, and I took it for granted that it was a well-known occurrence. I continued to observe the same effect several mornings in succession. Title: A critical examination of the possible causes of terrestrial magnetism. E. L. Authors: Schuster, A.; Lagrange, E. Bibcode: 1912C&T....33..321S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Influence of Planets on the Formation of Sun-Spots Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1911RSPSA..85..309S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Magnetic Action of Sun-spots. Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1909Natur..79..279S Altcode: IT was perhaps to be expected that the recent discovery of the Zeeman effect in the spectra of sun-spots should revive the idea of a direct magnetic action originating in the sun and observable at the surface of the earth. A numerical estimate is therefore called for as to the magnitude of the disturbance which might be produced by such a direct action. Title: The 4.79 Period of Sun-spot Activity Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1908Natur..79....7S Altcode: IN NATURE of August 13 (p. 351) the photograph is published of two groups of sun-spots taken on August 6, and attention is directed to the remarkable fact that such an outbreak should occur two years after the sun-spot maximum. This renewed sun-spot activity is connected with the 4.79 period, which I have shown to have been quite persistent-even more so than the eleven-year period-since sun-spots were first systematically observed. In a paper published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1906 I gave the times of maxima of this period as being 1903.72+4.79 n. This would bring the maximum to 1908.51, or to about July 1 of the present year. A retardation of one month in a period of more than four years' duration is, of course, insignificant. Title: On the Velocity of Metallic Particles in the Spark Discharge Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1907ApJ....25..277S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Dr See's researches Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1906Obs....29..424S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On Mr. T. J. J. See's researches concerning the constitution of Stellar Bodies Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1906AN....173...45S Altcode: 1907AN....173...45S No abstract at ADS Title: Chinese records of sun-spots and their periodicity Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1906Obs....29..205S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Periodicity of Sun-Spots Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906ApJ....23..101S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: A Plea for Absolute Motion Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906Natur..73..462S Altcode: NEWTON believed in the possibility of absolute motion (i.e. motion in space not necessarily relative to other material bodies), founding his argument on the fact that the rotation of a planet might be detected by experiment on the planet itself without reference to outside bodies. Newton's reasoning is unanswerable, but it only takes us part of the way. Though it proves that using the principle of gyrostatic action we can determine direction in space absolutely, it fails to distinguish one parallel line from another. We can only observe relative motion. This statement, which no one doubts, is generally taken to be synonymous with the assertion that nothing but relative motion will ever be known. So firmly is this generalisation rooted in the present generation of philosophers that I am afraid the expression of a contrary opinion will only result in placing its author on the ``Index'' of De Morgan's Budget of Paradoxes. Title: The Periodogram and Its Optical Analogy Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906RSPSA..77..136S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Preparations for the Second Conference. No. 11. Intensity of Solar Radiation Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906TIUCS...1...63S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Periodicities of Sunspots Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906RSPTA.206...69S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Transactions of the International union for co-operation in solar research ... Authors: SCHUSTER, ARTHUR Bibcode: 1906tiuc.book.....S Altcode: 1906QB521.I6....... No abstract at ADS Title: Preparations for the Second Conference. No. 10. Circular Letter addressed to Members of the Union Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906TIUCS...1...62S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Preparations for the Second Conference. No. 9. Circular Letter addressed to Members of the Union Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1906TIUCS...1...59S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Optics of the Spectroscope Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1905ApJ....21..197S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Temperature of the Solar Atmosphere Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1905ApJ....21..258S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Magnetic disturbances and associated sun-spots Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1905MNRAS..65..186S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Radiation Through a Foggy Atmosphere Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1905ApJ....21....1S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Radiation through a foggy atmosphere Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1903Obs....26..379S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Evolution of Solar Stars Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1903ApJ....17..165S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Solar Atmosphere Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1902ApJ....16..320S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Meeting of the British Association - Astronomy and Cosmical Physics Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1902Obs....25..349S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the resolution of double-stars Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1900Obs....23..402S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Origin of the Aurora Spectrum Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1898Natur..58Q.151S Altcode: PROF. RAMSAY gives the wave-length of the principal line in his new gas as 5566. It will no doubt also occur to others that this is very near the wave-length of the aurora line, which Vogel has measured as 5569. It should be mentioned in connection with this line that Profs. Liveing and Dewar have observed one very near it at 557 in sparks taken in liquid oxygen. The second green line given by Prof. Ramsay as 5557, seems also to have been seen by these observers (Phil. Mag., xxxviii. p. 237, 1894). Title: On Lunar and Solar Periodicities of Earthquakes Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1897Natur..56..321S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On Lunar and Solar Periodicities of Earthquakes Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1897RSPS...61..455S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the mode of printing maps of spectra and tables of wave-lengths Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1897YerOB...5..415S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Note on the Results of Messrs. Jewell, Humphreys and Mohler. Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1896ApJ.....3..292S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Magnetic Influence of the Planets Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1896Natur..53..318S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Diurnal Variation of Terrestrial Magnetism. [Abstract] Authors: Schuster, Arthur; Lamb, H. Bibcode: 1888RSPS...45..481S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Total Solar Eclipse of August 29, 1886 Authors: Darwin, L.; Schuster, Arthur; Maunder, E. Walter Bibcode: 1888RSPS...45..354D Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Total Solar Eclipse of August 29, 1886 (Preliminary Account) Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1887RSPS...42..180S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Total Solar Eclipse of May 17, 1882 Authors: Abney, W. De W.; Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1884RSPT..175..253A Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Internal Constitution of the Sun Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1883RBAAS..53..427S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the Total Solar Eclipse of May 17, 1882. [Abstract] Authors: Schuster, Arthur; Abney, W. De W. Bibcode: 1883RSPS...35..151S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Observations made during Total Solar Eclipses Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1880Natur..21..488S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: on the polarisation of the Solar Corona Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1879MNRAS..40...35S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: on the probable presence of oxygen in the solar chromosphere Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1879MNRAS..39..388S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The sun's corona and meteor streams Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1879Obs.....2..351S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The sun's corona during the eclipse of 1878 Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1878Obs.....2..262S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Solar of July 29, 1878 Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1878MNRAS..39R..44S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: some remarks on the total solar eclipse of July 29, 1878 Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1878MNRAS..39Q..44S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: On the presence of oxygen in the sun Authors: Schuster, A. Bibcode: 1878Obs.....1..315S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Report on the Total Solar Eclipse of April 6, 1875 Authors: Lockyer, J. N.; Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1878RSPT..169..139L Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: Beobachtungen angestellt auf der Sternwarte des Kammerherrn von Bülow Heft III Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1876Natur..13..402S Altcode: No abstract at ADS Title: The Late Eclipse Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1875Natur..13...86S Altcode: ON my return from India I should like to say a few words about some letters which appeared in the English Mechanic during my absence. Mr. Proctor, and a writer signing himself ``A Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society,'' comment in these letters on the result of the late Eclipse Expedition. It would be better if these discussions were postponed until the results are published by the Royal Society, but if writers who have not heard anything beyond a few short telegrams take it upon themselves to enlighten the public as to the value of photographs which they have not seen, a few remarks of one who has seen them become necessary. Title: Sun-spots and the Vine Crop Authors: Schuster, Arthur Bibcode: 1872Natur...5..501S Altcode: As the connection of sun-spots with terrestrial phenomena is now largely occupying the attention of scientific men, the following facts may be of some interest. The years in which the wine crop in Germany was unusually good seem (in this century, at least) to have returned at regular intervals. The close coincidence of these years with the years of minimum sun-spots is shown by the following table :-