A Physiological Torso Model for Realistic Breathing Simulation
Breathing video, at a frequency of 15 times per minute, with a tidal volume of 6.5 litres. [wmv file]
Breathing video, at a frequency of 20 times per minute, with a tidal volume of 11 litres. [wmv file]
Breathing video, at a frequency of 24 times per minute, with a tidal volume of 17 litres. [wmv file]
Breathing model, built in Alias Maya, with MEL scripting [rar file]
Modeling the intercostal muscles between the ribs (green lines):
Abdominal cavity, diphragm in green:
Abdominal cavity, longitudinal (green) and transverse (white) muscles (the obliques are not shown here.):
Final torso model:
Slow breathing, 12 times per minute, abdominal breathing only:
Slow breathing, 12 times per minute, combined abdominal and chest breathing:
Fast breathing, 20 times per minute:
Fast breathing, 24 times per minute:
Comparing our tidal volumes (large amplitudes) with other results (small amplitudes) at varying frequencies: